بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِي
الرَ تِلْكَ ءايَـتُ الْكِتَـبِ وَقُرْءَانٍ مُّبِينٍ - رُّبَمَا يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَوْ كَانُواْ مُسْلِمِينَ - ذَرْهُمْ يَأْكُلُواْ وَيَتَمَتَّعُواْ وَيُلْهِهِمُ الاٌّمَلُ فَسَوْفَ يَعْلَمُونَ
1. A. L. R. These are the Ayats of Revelation, of a Qur'an that makes things clear.
2. Again and again will those who disbelieve, wish that they had bowed (to Allah's will) in Islam.
3. Leave them alone, to enjoy (the good things of this life) and to please themselves: let (false) hope amuse them: soon will knowledge (undeceive them).
وَمَآ أَهْلَكْنَا مِن قَرْيَةٍ إِلاَّ وَلَهَا كِتَـبٌ مَّعْلُومٌ - مَّا تَسْبِقُ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلَهَا وَمَا يَسْتَـْخِرُونَ
4. Never did We destroy a population that had not a term decreed and assigned beforehand.
5. Neither can a people anticipate its term, nor delay it.
وَقَالُواْ يأَيُّهَا الَّذِى نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ الذِّكْرُ إِنَّكَ لَمَجْنُونٌ - لَّوْ مَا تَأْتِينَا بِالْمَلَـئِكَةِ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ الصَّـدِقِينَ - مَا نُنَزِّلُ الْمَلَـئِكَةَ إِلاَّ بِالحَقِّ وَمَا كَانُواْ إِذًا مُّنظَرِينَ - إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذِّكْرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُ لَحَـفِظُونَ
6. And they say: "O you (Muhammad) to whom the Dhikr (the Qur'an) has been revealed! Verily, you are a madman!)
7. Why do you not bring angels to us if you are of the truthful
8. We do not send the angels down except with the truth, and in that case,
they (the disbelievers) would have no respite!
9. Verily, We, it is We Who revealed the Dhikr (i.e. the Qur'an) and surely
We will guard it (from corruption).
وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ فِى شِيَعِ الاٌّوَّلِينَ - وَمَا يَأْتِيهِم مِّن رَّسُولٍ إِلاَّ كَانُواْ بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ - كَذَلِكَ نَسْلُكُهُ فِى قُلُوبِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ - لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ وَقَدْ خَلَتْ سُنَّةُ الاٌّوَّلِينَ
10. Indeed, We sent (Messengers) before you (O Muhammad) amongst the earlier communities.)
11. And there never came a Messenger to them but that they mocked him.
12. Thus We allow it to enter the hearts of the guilty.
13. They would not believe in it (the Qur'an); and already the example of the ancients has gone forth.
وَلَوْ فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِم بَاباً مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ فَظَلُّواْ فِيهِ يَعْرُجُونَ - لَقَالُواْ إِنَّمَا سُكِّرَتْ أَبْصَـرُنَا بَلْ نَحْنُ قَوْمٌ مَّسْحُورُونَ
14. And even if We opened to them a gate to the heavens and they were to continue ascending through it (all day long).
15. They would surely say (in the evening): "Our eyes have been (as if ) dazzled (we have not seen any angel or heaven). Nay, we are a people bewitched.''
وَلَقَدْ جَعَلْنَا فِى السَّمَاءِ بُرُوجًا وَزَيَّنَّـهَا لِلنَّـظِرِينَ - وَحَفِظْنَـهَا مِن كُلِّ شَيْطَـنٍ رَّجِيمٍ - إِلاَّ مَنِ اسْتَرَقَ السَّمْعَ فَأَتْبَعَهُ شِهَابٌ مُّبِينٌ - وَالاٌّرْضَ مَدَدْنَـهَا وَأَلْقَيْنَا فِيهَا رَوَسِيَ وَأَنْبَتْنَا فِيهَا مِن كُلِّ شَىْءٍ مَّوْزُونٍ - وَجَعَلْنَا لَكُمْ فِيهَا مَعَـيِشَ وَمَن لَّسْتُمْ لَهُ بِرَزِقِينَ
16. And indeed, We have put the big stars in the heaven and We beautified it for the beholders.
17. And We have guarded it (near heaven) from every outcast Shaytan ( devil ).
18. Except him ( devil ) who steals the hearing, then he is pursued by a clear flaming fire.
19. And We have spread out the earth, and have placed firm mountains in it, and caused all kinds of things to grow in it, in due proportion.
20. And in it We have provided means of living, for you and for those whom you provide not.
وَإِن مِّن شَىْءٍ إِلاَّ عِندَنَا خَزَائِنُهُ وَمَا نُنَزِّلُهُ إِلاَّ بِقَدَرٍ مَّعْلُومٍ - وَأَرْسَلْنَا الرِّيَاحَ لَوَاقِحَ فَأَنزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَاءً فَأَسْقَيْنَاكُمُوهُ وَمَآ أَنْتُمْ لَهُ بِخَـزِنِينَ - وَإنَّا لَنَحْنُ نُحْىِ وَنُمِيتُ وَنَحْنُ الْوَرِثُونَ - وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْنَا الْمُسْتَقْدِمِينَ مِنكُمْ وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْنَا الْمُسْتَـْخِرِينَ - وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ يَحْشُرُهُمْ إِنَّهُ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٌ.
21. And there is not a thing, but the supplies for it are with Us, and We do not send it down but in a known measure.
22. And We send the winds fertilizing, then We cause the water to descend from the sky, and We give it to you to drink, and it is not you who are the owners of its supply.
23. And certainly We! It is We Who give life, and cause death, and We are the Inheritors.
24. And indeed, We know the first generations of you who have passed away, and indeed, We know the present generations of you (mankind), and also those who will come afterwards.
25. And verily, your Lord will gather them together. Truly, He is Most Wise, (and) Knowing.
Transliteration :
The Disbelievers will someday wish that They had been Muslims
We have already discussed the letters which appear at the beginning of some Surahs. Allah said:
(How much would those who disbelieved wish) Here Allah tells us that they will regret having lived in disbelief, and will wish that they had been Muslims in this world. Regarding Allah's saying,
(How much would those who disbelieved wish that they had been Muslims.) Sufyan Ath-Thawri reported from Salamah bin Kuhayl, who reported from Abi Az-Za`ra', from `Abdullah, who said: "This is about the Jahannamiyyun (the sinners among the believers who will stay in Hell for some time), when they ﴿the disbelievers﴾ see them being brought out of Hell.''
(How much would those who disbelieved wish that they had been Muslims.) Ibn Jarir reported that Ibn `Abbas and Anas bin Malik explained that this Ayah refers to the Day when Allah will detain the sinful Muslims in Hell along with the idolators. He said: "The idolators will say to them, `What you used to worship on earth has not helped you.' Then by virtue of His mercy, Allah will be angry for their sake, and He will remove them ﴿from it﴾. That is when
(How much would those who disbelieved wish that they had been Muslims).''
(Say: "Enjoy your brief life! But certainly, your destination is the Fire!'')
((O disbelievers!) Eat and enjoy yourselves (in this worldly life) for a little while. Verily, you are the guilty.)
Allah says: (let them be preoccupied with false hope.) i.e., distracted from repentance and turning to Allah, for (They will soon come to know!) that is, their punishment.
Every Township has its allotted Time
Allah is informing us that He never destroys a township until He has established evidences for it and its allotted time has ended. When the time for a nation's destruction has come, He never delays it, and He never moves its appointed time forward. This was a message and a warning to the people of Makkah, telling them to give up their Shirk, their stubbornness and disbelief for which they deserved to be destroyed.
The Accusation that the Prophet was a Madman and Demands for Him to bring down Angels
Allah tells us about the disbelief, arrogance and stubbornness of the disbelievers as reflected in their words:
(O you (Muhammad) to whom the Dhikr (the Qur'an) has been revealed!) i.e., the one who claims to receive it.
(Verily, you are a mad man!) i.e., by your invitation to us to follow you and leave the way of our forefathers.
(Why do you not bring angels to us) i.e., to bear witness to the accuracy of what you have brought to us is true, if you are really telling the truth This is similar to what Pharaoh said:
(Why then are not golden bracelets bestowed on him, or angels sent along with him) (43:53). And Allah said:
(And those who do not expect a meeting with Us (i. e., those who deny the Day of Resurrection and the life of the Hereafter), say: "Why are not the angels sent down to us, or why do we not see our Lord'' Indeed they think too highly of themselves, and are scornful with great pride. On the Day that they do see the angels - there will be no good news given on that day to the guilty. And they (angels) will say: "All kinds of glad tidings are forbidden for you.'') (25:21-22) For this reason Allah said:
(We do not send the angels down except with the truth, and in that case, they (the disbelievers) would have no respite!) Mujahid said in this Ayah:
(We do not send the angels down except with the truth) "﴿i.e.,﴾ with the Message and the punishment.'' Then Allah, may He be exalted, stated that He is the One Who revealed the Dhikr to him, which is the Qur'an, and He is protecting it from being changed or altered.
The Idolators of Every Nation made a Mockery of their Messengers
Consoling His Messenger for the rejection of the disbelieving Quraysh, Allah says that He has sent Messengers before him to the nations of the past, and no Messenger came to a nation but they rejected him and mocked him. Then He tells him that He lets disbelief enter the hearts of those sinners who are too stubborn and too arrogant to follow His guidance.
(Thus We allow it to enter the hearts of the guilty.) Anas and Al-Hasan Al-Basri said that this referred to Shirk.
(and already the example of the ancients has gone forth.) meaning the destruction wrought by Allah on those who rejected His Messengers, and how He saved His Prophets and their followers in this world and in the Hereafter, is well known.
The Stubborn Disbelievers will never believe, no matter what Signs and Wonders They See
Allah explains the extent of their disbelief and stubborn resistance to the truth by stating that even if a door to heaven were to be opened for them, and they were to be taken up through it, they would still not believe. Rather, they would say:
(Our eyes have been (as if ) dazzled.) Mujahid, Ibn Kathir and Ad-Dahhak said, " this means ﴾ our vision has been blocked.'' Qatadah narrated that Ibn `Abbas said, "﴿ this means ﴾ our eyesight has been taken away.'' Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said, "﴿this means ﴾ we were confused and put under a spell.'')
(Our eyes have been (as if) dazzled.) Ibn Zayd said: "The one who is dazzled ﴿lit. intoxicated﴾ is the one who cannot reason.''
To those who ponder, and look repeatedly at the dazzling signs and wonders that are to be seen in the creation, Allah mentions His creation of the heavens, with their immense height, and both the fixed and moving heavenly bodies with which He has adorned it. Here, Mujahid and Qatadah said that Buruj ﴿big stars﴾ refers to the heavenly bodies.
(I say): This is like the Ayah :
(Blessed be He Who has placed the big stars in the heavens.) 25:61)
﴾ `Atiyah Al-`Awfi said: "Buruj here refers to sentinel fortresses.'' He made the "shooting stars'' to guard it against the evil devils who try to listen to information conveyed at the highest heights. If any devil breaches it and advances hoping to listen, a clear "shooting star'' comes to him and destroys him. He may already have passed on whatever he heard before the fire hit him, to another devil below him; the latter will then take it to his friends ﴿among humans﴾, as is stated in the Sahih. Explaining this Ayah, Al-Bukhari reported from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet said:
(When Allah decrees any matter in heaven, the angels beat their wings in submission to His Word, ﴿with a sound like﴾ a chain ﴿beating﴾ on a smooth rock.'') (`Ali and other subnarrators said, "The sound reaches them.'') "When the fright leaves their (angels') hearts, they (angels) are asked: `What did your Lord say' They respond: "The truth. And He is the Most High, the Most Great.' So those who hope to hear something listen, and they are standing one above the other.'' Sufyan ﴿ the narrator ﴾ described them with a gesture, spreading the fingers of his right hand and holding it in such a way that the fingers were above one another.
"Sometimes the flaming fire hits one of these listeners before he is able to convey what he has heard to the one who is beneath him, and he is burned up, or sometimes the fire does not hit him until he has pit on to the one beneath him, so he brings it to the earth.'' Perhaps Sufyan said: "...until it reaches the earth and he puts it into the mouth of the sorcerer or fortune-teller, so that after telling a hundred lies he gets something right, and the people say, `Did he not tell us that on such and such a day such and such would happen, and we found it to be the truth among the statements which were heard from heaven.''' Then Allah mentions His creation of the earth and how He spread it out, and the firm mountains, valleys, lands and sands that he has placed in it, and the plants and fruits that He causes to grow in their appropriate locations.
(all kinds of things in due proportion.) Ibn `Abbas said that this means with their predetermined proportions. This was also the opinion of Sa`id bin Jubayr, `Ikrimah, Abu Malik, Mujahid, Al-Hakim bin `Utaybah, Al-Hasan bin Muhammad, Abu Salih and Qatadah.
(And We have provided therein means of living, for you) Here Allah mentions that He created the earth with different means of provisions and livelihood of all kinds.
(and for those whom you provide not.) Mujahid said, "This refers to the riding animals and the cattle.'' Ibn Jarir said, "They are slaves, men and women, as well as the animals and the cattle. The meaning is that Allah, may He be exalted, is reminding them of the ways of earning provision that He has made easy for them, and of the animals that He has subjugated for them to ride and to eat, and the slaves from whom they benefit, but the provision of all of these comes from Allah alone.''
The Supplies for All Things are with Allah
Allah tells us that He is the Owner of all things, and that everything is easy for Him. He has the supplies for all things with Him.
(and We do not send it down but in a known measure.) meaning, as He wills and as He wants. Doing so out of His great wisdom and mercy towards His servants, in a way that He is under no obligation to do. But He has decreed mercy for Himself. Yazid bin Abi Ziyad reported from Abu Juhayfah that `Abdullah said: "No year has more rain than another, but Allah divides the rain between them as He wills, it rains here a year and there a year. Then he recited:
( And there is not a thing, but the supplies for it are with Us...) Reported by Ibn Jarir.
Source : Tafseer Ibn Katheer
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